数字政治术语翻译技巧

一国两制”、“三个代表”、“四个现代化”这些带数字的政治术语想必同学们都是耳熟能详。数字可以简单表述出术语的内容，翻译的时候可不可以直接用数字来表示呢？数字的背后又有哪些内涵呢？一起来看看以下几个例子吧~

　　一国两制　One Country, Two Systems

　　“一国两制”是中华人民共和国前任领导人邓小平为了实现中国统一的目标而创造的方针，是中华人民共和国政府在台湾问题上的主要方针，也是香港、澳门两个特别行政区所采用的制度。香港、澳门回归以来，走上了同祖国内地优势互补、共同发展的宽广道路，“一国两制”实践取得举世公认的成功。
　　Since their return to the motherland, Hong Kong and Macao have embarked on a broad road along which they and the mainland draw on each other's strengths and pursue common development, and the success of the "one country, two systems" principle has won global recognition.“

　　"两个一百年"奋斗目标　Two Centenary Goals

　　在中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会，在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。
　　The Two Centenary Goals are: to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the Communist Party of China celebrates its centenary in 2021; and to turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time the People’s Republic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049.

　　"三个代表"重要思想　Important thought of Three Represents

　　中共十三届四中全会（1989年6月23日至24日在北京举行）以来，以江泽民同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，在建设中国特色社会主义的实践中，加深了对什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义和建设什么样的党、怎样建设党的认识，积累了治党治国新的宝贵经验，形成了"三个代表"重要思想。即：中国共产党必须始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益。
　　After the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee of the CPC (held in Beijing, June 23-24, 1989), in the course of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, Chinese Communists, with Jiang Zemin as their chief representative, acquired a deeper understanding of what socialism is and how to build it, as well as what kind of Party to build and how to build it. They also accumulated new, valuable experience in running the Party and state, which helped form the important thought of Three Represents. The essence of Three Represents is that the CPC must always represent the development trend of China's advanced productive forces, the orientation of China's advanced culture and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people.

　　"三个自信"　The "Three Areas of Confidence"

　　"三个自信"是指道路自信、理论自信、制度自信。全面深化改革开放的方向是坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路，这是历史的结论、人民的选择。随着中国特色社会主义不断发展，中国的制度必将越来越成熟，中国的道路必将越走越宽广。中国全面深化改革，不是因为中国制度不好，而是要使它更好；坚定制度自信，不是要固步自封，而是要不断革除体制机制弊端，让中国的制度更成熟而持久。坚持和丰富中国特色社会主义理论体系，需要以巨大的理论勇气和敏锐的理论自觉，勇于推进实践基础上的理论创新，不断丰富中国特色社会主义理论体系，毫不动摇地坚持中国特色社会主义。
　　The "Three Areas of Confidence" refers to confidence in the path, theories and system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.When comprehensively deepening reform, we should firmly keep to China's socialist path.This is the conclusion drawn from history and the choice made by our people.As Chinese socialism develops, China's system will become increasingly mature and the Chinese road will get wider and wider.China is comprehensively deepening reform not because its system is inferior, but rather to make it better.We should have complete confidence in our system, and this does not mean that we will rest on our laurels and keep the system just as it is; rather, we mean we should eliminate defects in our institutions and mechanisms in order to make our system more mature and ensure that it endures the test of time.To adhere to and enrich socialist theories with Chinese characteristics, we must be theoretically courageous and aware, be brave enough to promote theoretical innovation based on practice and remain firmly committed to Chinese socialism.

　　"三严三实"　"Three Stricts and Three Earnests"

　　"三严三实"是习近平对各级领导干部改进作风提出的要求，即严以修身、严以用权、严以律己，谋事要实、创业要实、做人要实。
　　"Three Stricts and Three Earnests" are requirements Xi Jinping proposed for officials at all levels to improve their conduct. The requirements are to be strict in self-development, the exercise of power, and self-discipline, and to be earnest in making plans, opening up new undertakings, and upholding personal integrity.

　　“四个全面”战略布局　Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy

　　2014年11月，习近平到福建考察调研时提出了“协调推进全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面推进依法治国进程”的“三个全面”。2014年12月在江苏调研时则将“三个全面”上升到了“四个全面”。
　　全面建成小康社会 finish building a moderately prosperous society;
　　全面深化改革 deepen reform;
　　全面依法治国 advance the law-based governance of China;
　　全面从严治党。Strengthen Party self-discipline.

　　四个现代化　Four modernizations

　　1964年12月21日，周恩来在第三届全国人民代表大会第一次会议上宣布，调整国民经济的任务已经基本完成。他代表中共中央提出，“在不太长的历史时期内，把我国建设成为一个具有现代农业、现代工业、现代国防和现代科学技术的社会主义强国”。
　　农业现代化，工业现代化，国防现代化，科技现代化
　　The modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense, and science and technology

　　四项基本原则　The Four Cardinal Principles

　　1979年3月30日，邓小平代表中共中央在北京召开的理论工作务虚会上作了题为《坚持四项基本原则》的讲话。邓小平在讲话中提出必须坚持的“四项基本原则”。
　　第一，必须坚持社会主义道路；We must keep to the socialist road.
　　第二，必须坚持无产阶级专政；We must uphold the dictatorship of the proletariat.
　　第三，必须坚持共产党的领导；We must uphold the leadership of the Communist Party.
　　第四，必须坚持马列主义、毛泽东思想。We must uphold Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.

　　"四风"问题　"four forms of decadence"

　　当前中国共产党党内作风问题集中表现在形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风这"四风"上。这"四风"是违背中国共产党的性质和宗旨的，是当前群众深恶痛绝、反映最强烈的问题，也是损害党群干群关系的重要根源。在形式主义方面，主要是知行不一、不求实效、弄虚作假。在官僚主义方面，主要是脱离实际、脱离群众。在享乐主义方面，主要是精神懈怠、不思进取。在奢靡之风方面，铺张浪费、骄奢淫逸、腐化堕落。
　　Currently, the CPC faces "four forms of decadence" in its ranks – formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. These run counter to the nature and mission of the CPC and generate most resentment and complaints from the public. They are also a major cause of damage to relations between the CPC and the people and between officials and the general public.Formalism refers to doing things for form's sake, separating action from knowledge, neglecting what is practical and effective, and resorting to deceit.Bureaucratism refers to departing from reality and losing touch with the people.Hedonism refers to mental laxity and resting on one's laurels.Extravagance refers to waste and a dissolute and decadent lifestyle.

　　和平共处五项原则　Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence

　　和平共处五项原则于1953年底由周恩来总理在接见印度代表团时第一次提出，是在建立各国间正常关系及进行交流合作时应遵循的基本原则。互相尊重主权和领土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉内政、平等互利、和平共处
 6SL景德镇翻译公司-忠信乐译翻译有限公司

　　The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence are: mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence.6SL景德镇翻译公司-忠信乐译翻译有限公司

 6SL景德镇翻译公司-忠信乐译翻译有限公司